Fort+Sumter

South Carolina ||
 * General Information: [[image:http://www.theuscivilwar.org/img/battles/31_a.jpg width="422" height="238" align="right" caption="Photograph of the inside of Fort Sumter 1861: Fort was under Confederate control at this point in the war (http://fortwiki.com/Fort_Sumter)"]]**
 * When it happened: || April 12-14, 1861 ||
 * Where it happened: || Charleston County,
 * Who was involved: || Major Robert Anderson (US) & General Beauregard (CS) ||
 * Who won: || Confederate Victory ||


 * What Happened during the battle: **

As the Southern states succeeded from the Union, Union army forces found themselves isolated. One such Garrison, was in Fort Sumter in Charleston Harbor. Garrison refused to surrender, therefore South Carolina artillery opened fire. These were the first shots fired in the Civil War. The union troops had no way to contact their superiors for naval support or relief so after 34 hours of bombardment, Fort Sumter <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">surrendered. Fort Sumter was the first battle of the Civil War and <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">resulted in a Confederate victory.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Lasting Legacy: **

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Fort Sumter represented the initiation between the Confederacy and the <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Union. As the place where the first shots were fired, it shares a place <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">in American history alongside Pearl Harbor as the first battle in this war. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Just like Pearl Harbor, the siege of Fort Sumter became a rallying cry for <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">the United States. It gave the union the moral high ground of saying that the <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">confederacy fired the first shot. While the battle itself was not militarily <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">decisive, it was used as a rallying point for both sides. For the <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">South, it was the first battle with the Union and it resulted in <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Confederate victory, although under the circumstances that victory was <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">a four gone conclusion. For the Union, it was the realization that this <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">would be a shooting war, not a political one. It would be used as a <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">recruiting tool for the Union cause.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Links: **
 * National Park Service**
 * Detailed Account of the Battle**
 * Fort Sumter Information**


 * President Lincoln's Instructions:**

In this letter to Major Anderson at Fort Sumter, President Lincoln is explaining that he saw anxiety in the last letter he had recieved from Major Anderson and wants to instruct him in what to do next. Lincoln asks Anderson to hold out for a few more days if he can before the battle started and to use his own judgement in what to do if the Confederacy attacks earlier.


 * Polical Cartoon:**

The two men in the cartoon are Governor Pickens of South Carolina (on the left) and President James Buchanan (on the right). This is before the election of Lincoln, which was the main catalyst in the succession of South Carolina. Pickens is giving Buchanan a choice to either surrender the fort or else he will start a war. Therefore giving Buchanan "South Carolina's 'Ultimatum'". Buchanan is asking him to wait until he is out of office so he does not have to deal withit. However, the cannon that Pickens is threatening to fire, is pointed at himself. This creates the meaning that by South Carolina starting the war, it is just going to backfire at them.





<span style="color: #000000; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT,serif;">Works Cited

<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT,serif;">"Battle Summary: Fort Sumter, SC." //U.S. National Park Service - Experience Your America// <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT,serif; font-style: normal;">. Park Net: National Park Service. Web. 29 Mar. 2011. < http://www.nps.gov/hps/abpp/battles/sc001.htm>.

<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT,serif;">//Fort Sumter 1861 in Confederate Hands// <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT,serif; font-style: normal;">. 1861. Photograph.

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT,serif;">"President Lincoln's Instructions to Major Anderson at Fort Sumter." Letter to Major Anderson. 4 Apr. 1861. MS. Washington D.C. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px;">"South Carolina's "Ultimatum"" Cartoon. House Divided. Web. 31 Mar. 2011. < http://hd.housedivided.dickinson.edu/node/21777>.

<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT,serif; font-style: normal;">"Sketch Showing Position of Besieging Batteries." Map. <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT,serif;">//Www.history-map.com// <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT,serif; font-style: normal;">. <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT,serif;">//Www.history-map.com// <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT,serif; font-style: normal;">. Web. 28 Mar. 2011. < http://www.history-map.com/picture/000/pictures/Battle-Sumter-Fort-the.jpg>.

<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT,serif;">//Welcome to Fort Sumter// <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT,serif; font-style: normal;">. Photograph. <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT,serif;">//Www.civil-war-journeys.org// <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT,serif; font-style: normal;">. Web. 29 Mar. 2011.<[]>